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Not a Ladder, a Palimpsest

Which sources back which section of this article, and what its evidence base looks like.

Which sources back which section

SectionSources behind it
What HappenedTylor, Primitive Culture (1871); Wikipedia on the Bacchanalia; Wikipedia on the senatorial decree (CIL I² 581); Wikipedia on Kuntillet ʿAjrud; Wikipedia on shinbutsu bunri; Wikipedia on Sanskritisation; Wikipedia on Ibn Taymiyya; Wikipedia on Robert Redfield; Wikipedia on Chinese folk religion; the 2019 Nature paper itself; its 2021 Retraction Note; the 2023 “Retake” in Religion, Brain & Behavior; its 2023 companion paper on causal mechanism; Duara, Journal of Asian Studies (1988); the publisher’s page for Peter Brown’s The Cult of the Saints; the publisher’s page for Josephson’s The Invention of Religion in Japan
TimelineTylor, Primitive Culture (1871); Wikipedia on the Bacchanalia; Wikipedia on the senatorial decree (CIL I² 581); Wikipedia on Kuntillet ʿAjrud; Wikipedia on shinbutsu bunri; Wikipedia on Sanskritisation; Wikipedia on Ibn Taymiyya; Wikipedia on Robert Redfield; Wikipedia on the Axial Age; Wikipedia on Chinese folk religion; the 2019 Nature paper itself; its 2021 Retraction Note; the 2023 “Retake” in Religion, Brain & Behavior; its 2023 companion paper on causal mechanism; Duara, Journal of Asian Studies (1988); the publisher’s page for Peter Brown’s The Cult of the Saints; the publisher’s page for Josephson’s The Invention of Religion in Japan
The ArgumentWikipedia on the Axial Age; the 2019 Nature paper itself; its 2021 Retraction Note; the 2023 “Retake” in Religion, Brain & Behavior; its 2023 companion paper on causal mechanism; Duara, Journal of Asian Studies (1988)
What Others AddWikipedia on the Bacchanalia; Wikipedia on the senatorial decree (CIL I² 581); Wikipedia on Kuntillet ʿAjrud; Wikipedia on shinbutsu bunri; Wikipedia on the Eleusinian Mysteries; Wikipedia on Ibn Taymiyya; Wikipedia on Robert Redfield; Wikipedia on Chinese folk religion; Duara, Journal of Asian Studies (1988); the publisher’s page for Peter Brown’s The Cult of the Saints; Wikipedia on the Lares
ConclusionWikipedia on the Bacchanalia; Wikipedia on the senatorial decree (CIL I² 581); Wikipedia on Kuntillet ʿAjrud; Wikipedia on shinbutsu bunri; Wikipedia on Ibn Taymiyya; Wikipedia on the Axial Age; the 2019 Nature paper itself; its 2021 Retraction Note; the 2023 “Retake” in Religion, Brain & Behavior; its 2023 companion paper on causal mechanism; Duara, Journal of Asian Studies (1988)

What the evidence base looks like

  • 19Sources behind this article
  • 5Sections, every one of them sourced
  • 17Read in full
  • 2Read at the abstract only
What the source isHow manyHow they were read
Encyclopaedic reference articles (Wikipedia)11All eleven read in full, at their own page
The primary texts and papers under discussion6Four read in full; two read at the abstract only, because the full text sits behind a subscription paywall
Publisher description pages for two books discussed but not read in full2Both read in full, at the publisher’s own page; the books themselves were not read

Reliable

Reliable, but with an interestWorth believing and reliableWeak on both, and used with careHonest, but thin

Worth believing

Each point is one source used, placed by two judgements on a six-step scale. Points carry no names: the chart shows the shape of the evidence, not a verdict on any publisher.